It changes the color from dark brown to golden, and the concentrate becomes opaque. Whipping is still primarily a manual process, done in small batches. Waxes with higher terpene content will often take on a “wetter” consistency typical of “budder” waxes. Budder Waxīudder is a catch-all term covering the stickier end of waxes, including budder wax, badder, BHO budder, cake badder, and a variety of other product terms.Īfter the crude oil is purged, the hot concentrate is poured into a dish then whipped like all “wax” type concentrates. Finally, not all cultivars are suitable for crumble production, and over-whipping may create a badder rather than a honeycombed crumble wax. Wax is usually purged for longer than all other extracts to reach a drier consistency. Waxes with a lower terpene content will often take on a “drier” consistency typical of “crumble” waxes. This THCA then joins together to form crystals suspended within the waxy lipid mixture. The act of whipping the concentrate serves to separate the THCA from waxes, lipids, and terpenes remaining within the concentrate. In any case, the general consensus is that both manipulation and purging are required to achieve the desired waxy texture for this type of concentrate. Some operations purge then whip, others whip then purge. Some operations whip the crude oil, others fold and knead. For most varieties of hydrocarbon wax, the concentrate is whipped after the vacuum purge process. However, a few additional steps are required to achieve the texture and consistency of wax. Hydrocarbon extraction followed by vacuum purge is the standard for all dab-destined concentrates. The vacuum facilitates the purging of residual solvents at a relatively low temperature, which in turn ensures better terpene preservation. The operators pour the crude oil into thin layers, called slabs, on parchment-lined trays, then bring the vacuum oven to temperature before pulling vacuum. Then, technicians purge any lingering solvents within the crude oil in a vacuum oven. Wax starts with crude oil produced via butane-based hydrocarbon extraction. It’s a high-potency concentrate but retains a unique terpene profile. Wax is always opaque and ranges from deep golden-brown to bright yellow. It ranges in texture from slightly soft (crumble wax or crumble) to firm (honeycomb wax). As the name suggests, wax has a “waxier” consistency than shatter. “Marijuana wax,” “dab wax,” “weed wax,” or “thc wax,” are all ways of searching for the cannabis concentrate wax. Some operators flip the slab several times for a more efficient purge. The purge is visible through the appearance of bubbles on the surface of the slab. Propane-heavy extractions tend to lead to a crystallized or sugary texture rather than a glass-like consistency thanks to the extraction of a more complex terpene profile.Ī technician pours the crude oil onto trays to create a thin film of concentrate and then vacuum purges for 36 to 72 hours. Shatter production begins with a low-temperature hydrocarbon extraction, typically from a butane-based solvent blend. It’s vaped, dabbed, or goes through further post-processing for vape carts and edibles. True shatter is translucent and ranges from dark brown to bright golden-yellow. Unlike other soft, malleable concentrates, shatter maintains a firmer texture that requires a user to “shatter” or “pull and snap” to break off small pieces for consumption. Shatter is a visually striking cannabis concentrate with a clear, glass-like consistency. While the nomenclature of most cannabis concentrates isn’t always straightforward, understanding the basic production principles behind these concentrates is.īelow, we break down the differences between shatter and waxes (including crumble and budder) as made possible by processing hydrocarbon crude oil from machines such as the PX1 Hydrocarbon Extractor from Precision by Agrify. When it comes down to it, crumble and budder are types of wax, differing only in texture, and can be considered subcategories of wax. All are extracted in the same manner, and the visual and textural differences between shatter vs wax or shatter vs budder stem primarily from differences in post-processing techniques. The starting point for most of these dab-friendly concentrates is hydrocarbon-extracted crude oil. But for the average recreational consumer, shatter, wax, crumble, and budder are the names that matter, making them the most common concentrates available. Far from a straightforward space, this broad category contains a multitude of possibilities for types of extraction and SKUs. The global cannabis concentrate market was valued at $3.5 billion in 2022 ( Grandview Research).
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